无机颗粒/碳纤维共增强聚酰胺6复合材料的制备与力学性能研究

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Polyamide 6 Composites Co-reinforced with Inorganic Particles and Carbon Fiber

采用熔融挤出法制备出无机颗粒(IP)增强聚酰胺6(PA6)复合材料,使用叠层模压法制备了IP/碳纤维(CF)共增强PA6复合材料(PA6/IP/CF)。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜、万能试验机等研究了IP的形貌和含量对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,当滑石粉(TALC)的添加量达到10%(质量分数,下同)时,PA6/CF/TALC复合材料的各项力学性能达到最大值,弯曲强度为374.6 MPa、剪切强度为58.7 MPa、冲击强度为76.9 kJ/m^2;当玻璃微珠(GB)的添加量达到15%时,PA6/CF/GB复合材料的各项力学性能达到最大值,弯曲强度为404.4 MPa、剪切强度为66.7 MPa、冲击强度为86.5 kJ/m^2;GB相较于TALC对复合材料的增强效果更好,使复合材料的综合力学性能得到进一步提高。

To understand the effect of inorganic particles(IP) on the mechanical properties of polyamide 6/carbon fiber(CF) composites, the polyamide 6/IP and polyamide 6/IP/CF composites were prepared by melt-extrusion and laminated molding, respectively. The effects of morphology and content of IP on the properties of the composite were investigated by means of field-emission scanning electron microscope and universal testing machine. The results indicated that the composites achieved optimum mechanical properties at the talcum content of 10 wt%, and their bending strength, shear strength and impact strength reached 374.6 MPa, 58.7 MPa and 76.9 kJ/m^2, respectively. The composites also obtained excellent mechanical properties at the content of glass beads of 15 wt%, and their bending strength, shear strength and impact strength reached 404.4 MPa, 66.7 MPa and 86.5 kJ/m^2, respectively. Compared to talcum powders, glass beads could generate a much better reinforcement effect and resulted in better comprehensive mechanical properties for the composity.