榆林市主要公路农田土壤重金属污染特征分析

Characteristics Analysis on Heavy Metal Pollution in Farmland Soils of Main Highways in Yulin City

货运是榆林煤炭输出的主要运输方式,汽车在运输中产生的煤炭粉尘飘落,在行驶中汽油的燃烧,汽车轮胎与地面摩擦而形成的粉尘,以及汽车油箱材料、发动机、刹车片等其他部件产生的磨损从而使得重金属污染物在土壤中移动,使得榆林多条公路农田重金属富集。本文分析了Pb、Cu、Zn、Cd、Cr、Ni六种重金属在榆林煤矿区主干道两侧土壤的空间分布,剖析其影响因素,并运用单因子污染指数法对其污染程度进行评价。结果表明:小纪汗运煤专线、榆阳区210国道旁农田土壤未受到污染,小纪汗运煤专线Zn、Cd、Pb单项污染指数高于榆阳区210国道,在公路两侧一定范围内建设绿化带可较好阻隔粉煤灰的扩散。

Freight transportation is the main mode of transportation of coal output in Yulin City.Coal dust in transportation and the use of gasoline during driving , the dust produced by tire friction , the wear of fuel tank material , engine and other parts , brake pads , so that heavy metal contaminants are moved in the soil , which makes Yulin multiple highway farmland heavy metals are enriched.The spatial distribution of Pb , Cu , Zn , Cd , Cr and Ni heavy metals in the soil on the two sides of the main road in Yulin coal mine area and its influencing factors were analyzed in this paper.The pollution degree was evaluated by the single factor pollution index method.The results showed that the farmland soil near the 210National highway in the small Khan coal trans-portation line and the Yuyang district was not polluted , and the single pollution index of Zn , Cd and Pb in the small Khan coal transportation line was higher than the 210National Highway in Yuyang district.The construction of green belts within a certain scope on both sides of the highway can better block the diffusion of fly ash.