蒙古族13个族群皮下脂肪发育的比较

Comparison on the development of subcutaneous fat of 13 Mongolian groups

为了探究蒙古族成人的皮下脂肪发育水平和分布特点,对蒙古族13个族群的5项皮褶厚度和肥胖情况进行调查,结合山西汉族、湖南汉族、布依族和鄂伦春族的数据,进行聚类分析和主成分分析.结果表明:额济纳土尔扈特蒙古族脂肪发育水平最高,青海和硕特蒙古族和布里亚特蒙古族脂肪发育水平中等,云南蒙古族脂肪发育水平最低,其余10个蒙古族族群的脂肪发育水平较高.聚类分析结果表明,额济纳土尔扈特蒙古族与其他族群距离较远,肱三头肌皮褶和肩胛下皮褶在13个族群中最厚.杜尔伯特蒙古族、郭尔罗斯蒙古族、喀喇沁左翼蒙古族和阜新蒙古族皮下脂肪发育较接近,肱三头肌皮褶和肩胛下皮褶较厚,髂前上嵴皮褶和小腿内侧皮褶厚度中等.巴尔虎蒙古族和鄂尔多斯蒙古族皮下脂肪发育较接近.新疆察哈尔蒙古族和新疆土尔扈特蒙古族皮下脂肪发育较接近,髂前上嵴皮褶较厚,小腿内侧皮褶较薄.阿拉善和硕特蒙古族男性皮下脂肪发育与东北三省蒙古族较接近,女性与青海和硕特蒙古族较接近.云南蒙古族与其他蒙古族距离较远,与湖南汉族和布依族较接近,脂肪发育水平较低.

To explore the developmental situation and the distributional characteristic of subcutaneous fat of Mongolian nationality, five skinfold thickness values and obesity situation of 13 Mongolian groups were investigated. Furthermore, the cluster analysis and principal component analysis were carried out combining with the data of Han in Shanxi, Han in Hunan, Buyei and Oroqen. The results showed that the fat development of Ejina Torghut Mongolian is highest among 13 Mongolian groups, the fat development of Qinghai Heshuote Mongolian and Buryat Mongolian is medium, and the fat development of Yunnan Mongolian is lowest. The level of fat development of the other 10 Mongolian groups is higher. According to the results of cluster analysis, Ejina Torghut Mongolian is far from the other Mongolian groups, whose triceps skinfold and subscapular skinfold are the thickest. The fat development of Duerbote Mongolian, Qian Gorlos Mongolian, Harqin Left Wing Mongolian and Fu Xin Mongolian is similar, whose triceps skinfold and subscapular skinfold are thicker, and anterior superior spine and calf skinfold are medium. The development of subcutaneous fat of Barags Mongolians is close to that of Ordos Mongolian. Chahaar Mongolians is close to XinJiang Torghut Mongolian, whose anterior superior spine is higher and calf skinfold is lower. The male of Alxa Heshuote Mongolian is close to Mongolian in the three northeastern provinces, and the female is close to Qinghai Heshuote Mongolian. Yunnan Mongolian is far from other Mongolian groups, and the level of fat development is lower, which is similar to Han in Hunan and Buyei.