东汉河南的区域治理及其文化表现

Region Management and Cultural Development of Henan in Eastern Han Dynasty

西汉中后期,河南地区治理严控苛察的特点,反映出地方豪强的持续存在。东汉前期,河南地区的管理者曾尝试触动本地豪族的利益,结果引起强烈反弹,最后不得不对豪族采取打击与拉拢兼施的政策。东汉中后期,朝廷多任用名士为河南尹,但外戚、宦官也积极争夺对河南的控制权。由于朝廷对京畿的考课压力很大,以及外戚、宦官的排斥,河南区域文化的发展呈现两个特点:一是豪族未能实现对河南的实际控制,因而在党锢之祸中受牵连者甚少;二是豪族的经学化进程与官僚化进程未实现深度融合。

Because of the continual existence of the powerful landlords in middle and late western Han Dynasty, the management of Henan had been characteristic of severe control. In the early eastern Han Dynasty, the government tried to restrain the PL, however, this action immediately caused riot, governors had to adopt the policy of alternating kindness with cruelty in treating this group. In middle and late eastern Han Dynasty, many personages were appointed as the prefects of Henan, meanwhile, the eunuchs and emperors’ relatives also positively attempted to control Henan. Due to the pressure from central government and the exclusion from the eunuchs and emperors’ relatives, there were two traits in the development of Henan’s culture. Firstly, the local powerful landlords failed to really control Henan, so the personages from Henan were few in the movement of striking groupings. Secondly, these two processes of the PL transforming into Confucian classics families and bureaucratic families did not deeply integrate.