查尔斯·泰勒的脱嵌理论及其影响

Charles Taylor’s theory of disembedding and its effect

嵌入和脱嵌在泰勒的思想体系中扮演着关键性的角色。在"大脱嵌"之后,现代世俗社会才最终形成。从前现代社会到现代社会的转型涉及到三个不同的方面:自我认同的转型、社会想象的转型和宇宙想象的转型。前现代的"可渗透的自我"深深的嵌入到迷魅的宇宙和社会之中,并通过这种嵌入而获得对自身身份的认同。随着大脱嵌的到来,自我脱嵌于旧有的宇宙与社会,对自身、社会和宇宙的想象模式都发生了根本性的变化。大脱嵌不但带来了自我认同的转型,同时也带来了社会想象和宇宙想象的转型。因此,追溯大脱嵌的最初的源头也就具有了重要的意义。其实,早在轴心时期的宗教中就已经隐含了脱嵌的源头,个体性的自我已经初具雏形。

Embedding and disembedding play a key role in Charles Taylor’s theory.The modern secular society has been finally formed after the"great disembedding".The shift from pre-modern society to modern society involves three different aspects:the shift of self-identity,the shift of social imagination and the shift of cosmic imagination.The pre-modern"porous self"is deeply embedded in the enchanted universe and society,and through this embedding to gain recognition of its identity.With the advent of the great disembedding,the self is disembedded from the old cosmos and society,while the imagination of self,society and the cosmos has undergone fundamental changes.The great disembedding not only brings about the shift of self identity,but also the transformation of social imagination and cosmic imagination.Therefore,it is of great significance to trace back to the origin of the great disembedding.In fact,as early as the Axial Age,religion implied the origin of disembeding,and the individual self begun to take shape.