神旨与天命:《水浒传》忠义主题的建构思维与方式

Divine Purpose and Heaven’s Destiny——Thoughts and Ways of Constructing the Theme of Loyalty and Righteousness in The Water Margin

长期以来研究者们从各个方面分析了《水浒传》的忠义主题,然而相对忽略了主题本身的建构过程以及作者的叙述思维。梁山人物的前身被历史性地认定为“魔”,这是王朝和宗教对其作出的政治和神学的双重价值判断。小说要确定“忠义”的主题,就必须在这两个层面上将其彻底否定。以人物言语作为分析主体,发现“正名”和“归位”便是对这一否定过程的概括。

For a long time, researchers have analyzed the theme of loyalty in The Water Margin from various aspects, but relatively neglected the construction process of the theme itself and the author’s narrative thinking. The predecessors of Liangshan characters were historically identified as demons, which was the dual value judgment of politics and theology made by the Dynasty and religion. To determine the theme of loyalty in fiction, we must completely deny it at these two levels. Taking the character speech as the main body of analysis, it is found that the process of negation is summarized by “correcting the name” and “returning to the place”.