多方量子保密比较的新型模型设计

New Models to Design Multi-party Quantum Private Comparison Protocols

近年来,多方量子保密比较(MQPC)引起了学术界广泛的关注并取得了一系列重要的理论进展,其主要目的是如何在量子力学基本原理的保障下让n个参与方在不泄露各自秘密信息的前提下判断他们的秘密是否相等。在协议设计的研究中,文章相继提出两种新型的多方量子保密比较一般模型--Circle模型和Tree模型,并分别在半诚实第三方的帮助下设计了两个基于"维单光子和"维"粒子GHZ态的MQPC协议。通过深入的研究发现,这两个协议可以由现有的单光子测量技术实现,并且能够有效地抵抗外部攻击和参与方攻击(包括半诚实第三方攻击)。实验结果显示,文中提出的两个协议能够保证正确性、公平性、安全性和较高的比较效率。

Recently, multi-party quantum private comparison(MQPC) has attracted more and more attentions and has made considerable theoretical progress. Its main purpose is how to let the n participants judge whether their secrets are equal or not under the guarantee of the basic principles of quantum mechanics. In the research of MQPC, two basic designing models named Circle-model and Tree-model are presented in this paper. Two specific MQPC protocols with n-level single photon and w-dimensional n-particle GHZ states are proposed. From our analysis, it can be seen that the above protocols could be implemented by the existing single particle measurement technology and resist against outside attack and participant attack(the semi-honest third party attack). It can be concluded that correctness, fairness, security and higher efficiency can be guaranteed in proposed protocols.