基于离散伴随求解器的铁路下导风工程外形优化研究

Shape optimization of blower fences of railway based on discrete adjoint solver

为提高铁路沿线前倾式下导风工程输导效果,基于离散伴随求解器对前倾式下导风工程导风板进行局部外形优化,并运用数值模拟分析优化前后下导风工程控制下的风沙流场。研究结果表明:导风板形状敏感性存在由中部向两端逐渐增大的分布规律,其数值大小与风速呈正相关,通过优化导风板外形可以有效降低导风板阻力,减少气流经过导风板时损耗的动能,气流通过保护区时具有更高的运动风能;导风板外形优化可以增加导风板有效输导高度,扩大保护区范围,提高保护区风速,导风板聚集压缩加速气流的效果更好;导风板外形优化可以增强导风板输沙效果,减少铁轨附近的积沙量,增大铁路与铁路背风侧积沙范围之间的距离,延长下导风工程使用年限。

In order to reveal the transport effects of the blower fence along the railway,a discrete adjoint solver was used to optimize the local shape of the blower fence.The wind and sand flow field under the control of the blower fence before and after the optimization was studied by numerical simulation.The results show that: The shape sensitivity of the air deflector is gradually increased from the middle to the both ends of the air deflector,and its value is positively correlated with the wind speed.By optimizing the shape of the air deflector,the air deflector resistance can be effectively reduced,and the kinetic energy lost when the airflow passes through the air deflector is reduced,and the airflow passes through the protection zone to have higher wind energy;The shape optimization of the air deflector can increase the effective transmission height of the air deflector,expand the range of the protection zone,increase the wind speed of the protection zone.The effect of the air deflector gathering and compressing the accelerated airflow is better;The shape optimization of air deflector can enhance the effect of sediment transport,reduce the amount of sediment accumulated near the railroad,increase the distance between the range of sediment accumulated on the leeward side of the railway and the railway,and prolong the service life of the blower fence.