冷冻疗法联合体外培育牛黄防治头颈部恶性肿瘤放疗所致放射性口腔黏膜炎的效果观察及护理

Nursing care of cryotherapy combined with in vitro cultivation of bezoar in prevention and treatment of oral mucositis caused by radiotherapy for head and neck malignant tumor

目的探讨冷冻疗法联合体外培育牛黄防治头颈部恶性肿瘤放疗所致放射性口腔黏膜炎(radiotherapy^induced oral mucositis,RIOM)的效果及总结护理经验,为临床提供一种有效的防治RIOM的方法。方法采用随机数字表法将72例头颈部肿瘤放疗患者随机分为试验组和对照组,每组各36例,对照组患者采取常规方法预防RIOM,试验组患者采用冷冻疗法联合体外培育牛黄内服加外用预防RIOM。放疗结束比较两组患者Ⅱ级及以上RIOM发生率、发生时间严重程度。结果试验组Ⅱ级及以上RIOM发生率较对照组低,发生时间较对照组晚,严重程度较对照组轻,两组比较,均P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论冷冻疗法联合体外培育牛黄内服加外用,可明显减轻RIOM发生率及其程度,延缓发生的时间,提高患者的生活质量。

Objective To evaluate the cryotherapy joint prevention and control of in vitro cultivation bezoar radioactive oral mucosa inflammation (radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis,RIOM) caused by head and neck malignant tumor radiotherapy and summarize nursing experience. Methods The digit grouping method was used to divide 72 patients with head and neck cancer radiotherapy randomly into trial group and control group,each group with 36 cases. The control group was treated with conventional methods to prevent RIOM and the experimental group adopted cryotherapy combined with in vitro cultivation of internal and external use of bezoar. The two groups were compared in respect of the incidence of RIOM at trial Ⅱ level and occurrence time of the RIOM degree. Result The RIOM at the trial II level and above was significantly lower than those of control group,the time was significantly later than that in the control group and the degree was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Cryotherapy combined with internal and external use of cultured bezoar can significantly reduce the incidence and degree of RIOM,delay the occurrence time and improve the quality of life of patients.