走向共同体:马克思主义政治发展观的“条件论”

The Road to The Community:The “Conditional Theory” of Marxist Political Development View

长期以来,政治发展的话语权被西方学者所垄断。马克思主义超越西方政治发展观的一个重要贡献在于追溯了政治发展的根源性基础,揭示了西方政治发展观对自由的羁绊,指向一个“个人统一于社会,社会服务于个人”的“自由人联合体”的目标。马克思主义的政治发展观是一种“条件论”,其核心内容是,将经济社会的充分发展视为政治发展的历史条件,批评政治发展的各类线性逻辑和表层思维,提出迈向未来共同体目标的过渡时期政权条件。马克思主义政治发展观是一种有机“条件论”,强调思想动员、组织联合与积极行动,它不但具有批判性,还具有改造和指引实践的构建性。理论界和实务界既要立足“过渡时期”这个时空坐标,瞄定未来共同体的发展方向,发掘马克思主义政治发展观的方法论意义,更要提供丰富的、有竞争性的实践方法。

For a long time, the discourse power of political development has been monopolized by western scholars. One of the important contributions of Marxism beyond the western concept of political development is that it traces back to the root basis of political development, revealing the fetters of western political development to the freedom, and points to the future goal of the association of free men (community). The Marxist view of political development is a kind of “conditional theory”. Its core content is to regard the full development of economy and society as the historical condition of political development. The Marxism also criticizes all kinds of linear logic and surface thinking of political development.It puts forward the conditions for the transitional regime to move towards to the goal of the future community. Marxist view of political development is an organic “conditional theory” emphasizing ideological mobilization, organizational unity and positive action. It is not only critical but also has the construction of reforming and guiding practice. The theoretical and practical circles should not only explore the methodological significance of the Marxist political development, but also provide rich and competitive practical methods.