理解人生:从海德格尔到佛教

Understanding Human Existence:From Heidegger to Buddhism

海德格尔对人生的理解既不是陷入具体生存之中,也不是完全外在于生存,而是属于一种既跳入人生又跳出人生的生存论现象学。它大致有以下环节:1.描述人生本身的开展、抛出和占有;2.分析人生本身的非本真理解和本真理解;3.区分人生的非本真意义和本真意义;4.展示本真生存的可能性;5.表明本真人生的本真缘发性和顺随性。海德格尔对本真缘发和顺随的现象学分析可以开启一种对佛教缘起学说及其随缘主张的新阐释,而他对非本真生存和本真生存的分析则可以给出一种对佛教因果轮回学说的生存论解读。

Heidegger s understanding of human existence is neither falling into the existentiell,nor completely outside the existence,but belonging to an existential phenomenology that both jumps into and springs forth from the human existence.It has following steps roughly:1.describing the disclosing,projecting and appropriating of Dasein itself;2.analyzing Dasein s inauthentic and authentic understanding;3.distinguishing the inauthentic and the authentic meaning of human existence;4.showing the possibility of authentic existence;5.manifesting the authentic human existence's characteristics of Enowning and releasement.Heidegger's phenomenological analysis of the Enowning and releasement can turn on a new interpretation of Buddhist doctrine about yuanqi and suiyuan,and his analysis of the inauthentic and authentic existence can give an existential interpretation of buddhist doctrine of karma and samsara.