美术作品独创性理论重构:从形式主义到历史主义

The Reconstruction of Originality Theory of Artistic Works:From Formalism to Historicism

形式主义独创性是传统版权法调整的所有作品可版权性之基石。传统版权法确立的独创性理论起源于文字作品,其对内在作品的个性不加区分。当前,美术作品的独创性理论继承了传统版权法的形式主义独创性,这种独创性与美术作品所具有的艺术本质存在根本的冲突,形成了诸多的理论困惑,为此,理论上需要回归到美术作品本质规律、需要检讨形式主义独创性的理论框架,重构美术作品的独创性理论,实现从形式主义到历史主义独创性的转换。美术作品的独创性应归结为历史主义独创性或者本真独创性。

The formalist originality is the foundation of copyrightability of all works in traditional copyright law. The originality theory of the traditional copyright law is originated from literal works and does not make a distinction of inner individuality among works. Presently,the originality theory of artistic works takes in the formalist originality of the traditional copyright law. However,there are conflicts between such originality and the nature of artistic works,thus leading to many theoretical confusions. As a result,it is necessary to return to the intrinsic law of artistic works,review the theoretical framework of the formalist originality and reconstruct the originality theory of artistic works,thus realizing the transition from formalism to historicism. The originality of artistic works shall be defined as historicist originality or authentical originality.