简本《缁衣》与传世本《缁衣》异文的语法史考察

Language Differences between Bamboo Versions and Handed Down Version of Ziyi in Historical Syntax

本文从语法史角度解读简本《缁衣》与传世本《缁衣》的三种异文现象。简本的句中语气词“也”在传世本中全都不见,符合句中语气词“也”由战国至汉代逐渐衰微的历史趋势。简本作“此”而传世本作“是”,不完全符合“此”与“是”的发展趋势,很可能是后人依据主观意愿改动所致。简本作“弗”而传世本作“不”,符合“不”替代“弗”的历史趋势,同时也反映出《缁衣》的语言在流传中趋向常规的倾向,以及后人对文意的重新解读。

This paper focus on language differences between the bamboo versions and handed down version of Ziyi (缁衣)in the perspective of historicl syntax.The absence of Ye(也)inside the sentences in handed down version is according with the decline of Ye(也).The Shi(是)in bamboo versions all become Ci(此)in handed down version is not entirely consistent with the development of Shi(是) and Ci(此).The Fu(弗)in bamboo versions all become Bu(不)in handed down version is according with the historical substitution of Bu(不)for Fu(弗).