浅析“与台湾关系法”制定中的智库因素

On the Think Tank Role in the Process of “Taiwan Relations Act” Making

长期以来,学术界普遍认为“与台湾关系法”是美国国会主导、行政部门被迫同意的一项涉台法案,而对这一法案制定过程中的智库因素关注较少。本文在大量文献阅读的基础上发现,美国智库不但在七十年代中期就为“与台湾关系法”准备了初步的蓝本,而且直接参与了国会制定该法时的听证会全过程。在智库学者参与等因素影响下,最终形成的“与台湾关系法”与卡特政府早期准备的“台湾综合法案”出现了巨大差异,前者被强行塞入美台军事合作等内容,这也为后来美国对台军售提供了重要法律支撑,并为中美关系大局带来了巨大变数。

It has been long held that in its making process, the “Taiwan Relations Act”(TRA) was dominated by the Congress. This paper, on the close reading of historical materials, argues that, think tanks and scholars also played important role in its making process, not only preparing a blueprint of TRA but also fully participating in the congress hearing. With the suggestion of scholars, the final version of TRA revised the “Taiwan Omnibus Legislative Bill” in many details, including strengthening the military cooperation with Taiwan. And this, undoubtedly, lead to great negative effect on the development of China-US relations.