家庭束缚对农村性别收入差距的影响

The Impact of Family Restriction on Gender Income Gap in Rural Areas

既有文献大多忽略了家庭因素对中国农村性别收入差距的影响。通过分析2010年“中国综合社会调查”数据,使用多元线性回归模型探讨了家庭因素对收入性别效应的直接影响、对男性和女性收入影响的差异;使用Oaxaca-Blinder工资分解法分析了家庭因素对性别收入差距的解释程度。研究发现,当前中国农村男性年收入约为女性的2倍,家庭特别是家庭分工是影响性别收入差距的重要因素;在家庭因素中,配偶工作状态解释了大部分性别收入差距,显著影响农村居民的收入;家庭规模对女性收入有显著消极影响,对男性收入影响不显著。基于此,就家庭性别分工问题,提出了相应的政策建议。

Most of the existing literature ignores the impact of family factors on gender income gap in rural China. By analyzing the data of 2010 Chinese General Social Survey, this paper uses multiple linear regression model to explore the direct influence of family factors on the gender effect of income and the different effect between male and female earnings, and uses Oaxaca-Blinder wage decomposition method to analyze the degree of explanation of family factors on gender income differences. It is found that: the annual income of the men in rural China is almost twice that of the women;family, especially family division of labor, is an important influencing factor of gender income gap;among family factors, spouse's working status explains most of the gender income gap, which significantly affects the income of rural residents;family size has a significant negative impact on women's income, but not on men's income. Based on this, this paper puts forward corresponding policy suggestions on family gender division of labor.