人地关系视角下青藏高原东缘的农牧生态与族群分布

Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Ecology and Ethnic Distribution in the Eastern Area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from the Perspective of Man-Land Relationship

青藏高原东缘地区的农牧生态与族群分布格局是不同人群在经济接触、文化选择以及适应自然环境的历史过程中逐渐形成的,同时受到海拔高度的显著影响。青藏高原东缘的农牧交错地带是中原王朝治理整个藏区的重要依托。明清以降,随着人口不断增长以及族群互动的频繁,青藏高原东缘的垂直农业和农牧混合经济得到发展。地理区位的复合型特点、多元族群及其经济文化的交汇,共同推动了青藏高原东缘地区人地关系的发展。

The agriculture and animal husbandry ecology and the distribution pattern of ethnic groups in the eastern area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are gradually formed in the historical process of different ethnic groups′ economic contact, cultural selection and adaptation to the natural environment. The livelihoods and cultures of different ethnic groups are also significantly affected by the altitude of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The eastern area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was an important support for the empires in central plains to control the whole Tibetan areas. Since the Ming and Qing dynasties, with the continuous growth of population and frequent ethnic interaction, the vertical agriculture and the mixed economy of agriculture and animal husbandry have developed. The complex characteristics of geographical location, the intersection of multi-ethnic groups and their economy and cultures have jointly promoted the development of the man-land relationship in the eastern area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.