腭突上抬的发生及其分子生物学机制

Research progress on the mechanism of palatal shelf elevation

腭裂是由遗传和环境因素共同作用而导致的一种多基因遗传病,腭的发生包括腭突生长、上抬和融合,其中任何一个阶段的异常都会导致腭裂发生,尤其腭突上抬异常是导致腭裂发生最常见的原因之一。近年来,腭生长和腭融合的机制是腭发育领域的研究热点,国内外学者在此方面也取得了许多进展,与之相比,由于相关细胞及分子学基础研究的缺乏,关于腭突上抬的研究较少,且进展甚微。因此,本文归纳了近年来国内外学者的研究成果,对腭突上抬的发生过程及其相关的分子生物学机制的研究进展进行综述。

Cleft palate is a polygenic genetic disease caused by genetic and environmental interaction. The formation of mammalian secondary palate involves multiple developmental events, including growth, elevation and fusion. Perturbation of any of these processes could cause cleft palate. Defects related to the elevation process commonly cause cleft palate. In recent years, the mechanism of palatal shelf growth and fusion has been a research hotspot in palate development. Compared with advances in those aspects, little progress has been achieved in palatal shelf elevation. Although many mutant mice show delay or defects in shelf elevation, the mechanism of this process still remains elusive because of the scarce knowledge about its cellular and molecular basis. In this paper, we summarise major recent advances and integrate the related genes and molecular pathways with the cellular and morphogenetic processes of palatal shelf elevation.