头颈部鳞状细胞癌第二原发癌的研究进展

Research progress on second primary carcinoma of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

头颈部鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)是一种常见的致死性疾病,术后第二原发癌(SPC)形成是导致其远期生存率下降的主要原因之一。SPC发生不仅与吸烟、嗜酒、咀嚼槟榔等危险因素有关,而且与致癌物代谢、DNA修复、细胞周期和细胞凋亡等多个生物学过程相关蛋白表达异常和相关基因多态性导致的遗传易感性增加有关。因此,掌握SPC发生的危险因素和分子机制对于筛选SPC的高危人群和制定恰当的治疗方案具有重要的临床意义。

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC) is a common lethal disease, in which the formation of postoperative second primary carcinoma(SPC) mainly causes the decline of long-term survival rate. The occurrence of SPC is related to smoking, alcohol consumption, betel nut chewing, and other risk factors. Furthermore, SPC also involves the abnormal expression of related proteins and increase in genetic susceptibility caused by genetic polymorphisms in carcinogen metabolism, DNA repair, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Therefore, mastering the risk factors and molecular mechanisms of SPC is highly important in screening high-risk populations of SPC and in protocol development.