世界一线城市卫生规划:架构、趋势及经验启示

Regional health planning of world first-tier cities: framework, trend and experiences

区域卫生规划对区域内卫生发展和资源配置具有重要意义.文章梳理了伦敦、纽约、多伦多、东京、首尔、中国香港等国际一线城市的卫生规划,总结发展模式和特点包括:以国家卫生政策的主旨和目标为指导,并与城市总体发展规划相协调;服务于城市阶段性发展或重大事件开展需要,提示城市未来健康发展的方向;"健康城市"建设已经成为主流,强调人人享有,关注弱势群体;鼓励社会参与和自我健康管理;要求提供多样化的高质卫生服务,满足服务需求.这提示我国各大城市的卫生规划需动员全社会参与,建设"健康城市";细化措施和指标,增强指导针对性;优化卫生服务体系,满足人民健康需求.

Regional health planning is of great significance for health development and resource allocation. This paper reviewed the health planning of London,New York,Toronto,Tokyo,Seoul,Hong Kong and other international first-tier cities,and summarized their development model and characteristics :regional health planning development was guided by objective of national health policy,served needs of development of cities or major events and suggested health development direction of cities in the future.“Healthy city”construction has become popular,that emphasized health for all and focused on the vulnerable group. Social participation and self-health management were encouraged. The multiplicity and quality of health services of Chinese big cities were required to meet the demand. It is suggested that the whole society be mobilized in health planning to build a healthy city. It is also suggested that measures and indicators be detailed to enhance targeted guidance and the health service system be improved to meet people’s health needs.