论合同诈骗罪中合同的界定——兼探讨与诈骗罪在合同上之区分

On the definition of contract in the crime of contract fraud——Discussing the difference on contract from the crime of fraud

对于如何界定合同诈骗罪中合同的内容与形式一直存在不同的观点。基于历史、体系、目的等解释方法,合同诈骗行为应当发生在市场经济活动即商事领域中;基于合同诈骗与普通诈骗分别对应于商事与民事领域,合同诈骗罪中的合同应属于商事合同;在合同内涵上,立足于商事活动的主体专业性、活动外观性以及营利性,合同诈骗罪中的合同仅包括《合同法》《担保法》及其他法律解释中体现商事活动特点的合同;在合同形式上,基于口头合同便于提高商事效率以及与现行法律相符合的特点,具备商事合同特点的口头合同也包括在合同诈骗罪所指的合同之中。

How to define the content and form of contract in the crime of contract fraud has always had different views.Based on history,system,purpose and other interpretation methods,contract fraud should occur in market economic activities,that is,in the commercial field.Due to contract fraud and ordinary fraud are respectively corresponding to the commercial and civil fields,the contract in the crime of contract fraud should be a commercial contract.In terms of contract connotation,based on the subject professionalization,activity appearance and profitability of commercial activities,the contract in the crime of contract fraud only includes the contracts that reflect the characteristics of commercial activities in the Contract Law,the Guarantee Law and other legal interpretations.In the form of contract,due to the oral contract can improve the efficiency of business and fit with the current law,the oral contract with the characteristics of commercial contracts is also included in the crime of contract fraud.