民事诉讼审理期限与当事人关系研究

Research on the relationship between the trial period and the parties of civil litigation

审理期限作为实践性很强的司法制度,应该加大对审理期限的实证研究,为审理期限的合理设置提供实践经验和理论依据。审理期限应该理解为建议性规定。当事人与审理期限的关系密切,可以通过诉讼契约对审理期限进行约定。当事人的诉讼行为影响审理期限的计算。对于审理期限的变动,人民法院应当事先告知当事人;当事人可以提出异议,可以申请延长审理期限和申请加速审判。对于即将超审理期限和已经超审理期限的案件应当规定救济措施。对于一审超审理期限的案件,可以从诉讼费用上对当事人进行弥补;对于二审超审理期限的案件,可以从缩短二审的审理期限和限制发回重审等方面进行弥补。

As a very practical system,the trial period should be increased the empirical research on the trial period and provided practical experience and theoretical basis for the reasonable setting of the trial period.The trial period should be understood as an advisory requirement.The parties have a close relationship with the trial period,which can be agreed through the litigation contract.The litigation behavior of the parties affects the calculation of the trial period.For changes of the trial period,the people’s court shall inform the parties in advance that the parties may file an objection and may apply for an extension of the trial period and apply for an accelerated trial.For the cases that are about to exceed the trial period and have exceeded the trial period,the remedy measures shall be stipulated.For the cases of over-trial-period in the first trial,the parties may be compensated for by the litigation costs;for the cases of over-trial-period in the second trial,may be made up by shortening the second trial period and restricting re-examination and other aspects.