格陵兰岛稀土矿资源潜力及对中国的可利用性评价

REE resources potential in Greenland and the availability evaluation in favor of China

格陵兰地处北极,是全球最大的岛屿,经历了约40亿年的地质构造演化,矿产资源极丰富,尤其是以重稀土元素为特色的稀土矿资源。前人主要集中研究格陵兰岛黑色和多金属矿产资源,较少涉及稀土资源。通过研究,为保护中国有限的稀土资源,给中方企业和地勘单位实施"走出去"政策在格陵兰寻找潜在稀土资源提供基础资料。收集资料发现,格陵兰岛的稀土矿床主要集中在西南部、南部、中东部、中西部,其类型有碳酸岩型、碱性岩型、古砂矿型,可能有IOCG型。格陵兰岛稀土矿资源潜力巨大,通过分析格陵兰岛地质资料确定了4个远景区,由2个Ⅰ级、1个Ⅱ级和1个Ⅲ级组成。下一步重点关注格陵兰岛南部和西南部的2个Ⅰ级远景区,其次关注中东部和中西部Ⅱ级和Ⅲ级远景区。从多方面考虑,格陵兰岛稀土矿资源可利用性评价良好,格陵兰岛的稀土元素矿床值得中国企业关注。

Located in the North Pole, Greenland is the world’s largest island. After about four billion years of geological evolution,Greenland has been extremely rich in mineral resources, especially with heavy rare earth elements as the characteristics of the rare earth mineral resources. The previous researchers mainly concentrated their attention on ferrous metal and polymetallic mineral resource, with very insufficient attention paid to the rare earth metal resource. In order to protect the limited rare earth resources and provide basic information for Chinese enterprises’ and geological exploration organizations’ implementation of"going out"policy in Greenland with the purpose of seeking for potential REE resources, the authors, through the collection of literature and online information, found that the rare earth mineral deposits are mainly concentrated in southwest, south, east, and west of Greenland, and the types of these resources include mainly a carbonate rocks type, a alkaline rocks type, a paleo-placer type, and a possible IOCG type. The REE potential of Greenland is great. The four potential regions were determined by analysis of geological data from Greenland, which include two classⅠprospect, one class Ⅱ prospect and and one class Ⅲ prospect. The next step should focus on the potential area of southern and southwest Greenland two classⅠprospects, followed by the work in the middle east class Ⅱ prospect and the middle west class Ⅲ prospect. From various aspects of Greenland’s rare earth mineral resources utilization, the authors consider that the REE deposits in Greenland deserve Chinese enterprises’ much attention.