视译过程中认知负荷与译文质量相关性研究——以汉语逻辑连词英译为例

Relationship between Cognitive Efforts and Quality of Target Texts Production: An Example of Chinese-English Sight Translation of Logical Connectives

视译过程研究包括认知负荷研究与视译输出质量研究。现有研究多从句法复杂性出发,分析视译过程中认知负荷与译文输出质量的相关性,认为原文阅读中的认知负荷与译文质量不直接相关,译文产出中的认知负荷与译文质量呈负相关,但少有研究以逻辑连词为研究对象探究视译过程中原文认知负荷与译文输出质量的关系。译文输出质量由输出过程质量(即译文产出认知负荷)与译文质量两部分组成。本研究以"译文发布的流利度"评判译文产出认知负荷,将"语言表达准确度、信息忠实度"作为译文质量评判指标,要求5位专任翻译课程教师根据美国翻译协会(ATA)的"错误评分法方式"对译文进行评分,探求逻辑连词对视译质量的影响以及视译过程中认知负荷与译文质量之间的关系。本文得出以下结论:(1)含有逻辑连词的句子译文准确度低于不含有逻辑连词的句子,主要表现在转折逻辑连词"虽然……但是"的误译上;(2)原文阅读中认知负荷与译文质量间无明显相关性,译文产出中的认知负荷与译文质量之间存在正相关关系,此研究结果与前人的研究结果不完全一致。这为翻译过程研究提供了新视角,也对提升译者视译训练效率有一定的启发。

Researches on sight translation process include analysis of cognitive efforts and evaluation of quality of target texts production. Some researches have been done from the complexity of syntax perspective,exploring the relationship between cognitive efforts and quality of target texts production,which conclude that cognitive efforts during source texts reading process do not directly correlated with quality of target texts,while cognitive efforts during target texts production process are negatively correlated with quality of target texts.However,the researches combining the cognitive efforts during sight translation process and the quality of target texts from logical connectives perspective are far from enough. The quality of target texts production includes two parts: quality of target texts production process,evaluated by disfluency,and quality of target texts,evaluated by accuracy and fidelity.This research,with five professors in Nanjing University of Science and Technology teaching courses related to translation and interpretation asked to judge the accuracy and fidelity of target texts based on a series of criteria set up by American Translators Association (ATA),whose scoring criterion is based on mistakes made by translators, tries to figure out the influence of logical connectives on quality of target texts and the relationship between cognitive efforts and quality of target texts production. As is found in this study,(1) accuracy is lower for sentences with explicit logical connectives compared with sentences without explicit logical connectives,and among sentences with explicit logical connectives,accuracy for sentences with contrastive logical connectives is lower due to the mistakes made while translating“虽然……但是”;(2) cognitive efforts paid during target texts production process (also called quality of target texts production process) are positively correlated to quality of target texts production,while cognitive efforts produced during source texts reading process are not directly correlated to the quality of target texts production.This research provides a new aspect for researches on sight translation process,and its results can also give some enlightenment on improvement of sight translation training efficiency.