南阳市城市居民健康素养调查分析

Investigation and analysis of health literacy among urban residents in Nanyang

目的了解南阳市城市居民健康素养水平及影响因素,为制定健康策略提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取家庭调查户,调查对象用KISH表法确定,采用2015年《全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》调查1208名南阳市城市居民。结果2015年南阳市城市居民健康素养总体水平为10.50%,基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、基本技能3个方面素养水平分别为26.83%、7.92%和22.42%;安全与急救、科学健康观、基本医疗、健康信息、传染病防治素养、慢性病防治6类问题素养水平分别为42.75%、25.50%、12.00%、30.25%、16.25%和8.08%。不同年龄、不同文化程度人群健康素养水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论南阳市城市居民健康素养总体水平处于较低状态,健康生活方式和行为和慢性病防治素养水平特别低,应采取针对性的干预措施,大力开展居民健康素养干预工作,提高居民的健康素养水平。

Objective To understand the health literacy level of urban residents in Nanyang and explore the influencing factors, and to provide scientific basis for formulating relevant policies and carrying out comprehensive intervention.Methods Using multi-staged stratified random cluster sampling, 1 208 urban residents were selected to complete the face-to-face survey. Health literacy questionnaire for Chinese citizen in 2015 was designed by Ministry of Health.Results The health literacy level of Nanyang urban residents in 2015 was 10.50 %,The literacy level about basic knowledge and health concept,healthy lifestyle and behaviors,and health related skills was 26.83 %,7.92 %,22.42 %.The literacy level of 6 health issues as safety and first aid, scientific concept of health, basic medical, health information, infectious disease prevention and chronic disease prevention was 42.75 %,25.50 %,12.00 %,30.25 %,16.25 %and 8.08 %. Different age group and different education level group urban residents had statistical significance difference in the health literacy level and the three health literacy related aspects rates(P<0.05).Conclusions The health literacy of urban residents in Nanyang is relatively low, especially in healthy lifestyle and behaviors,and chronic diseases prevention. Different strategies should be developed on health literacy promotion according to the characteristics of populations.