炎症小体在结核分枝杆菌感染中的作用研究进展

Advances in research on the role of inflammasomes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

炎症小体(inflammasome)是由应激,组织损伤和细胞内感染等途径激活的多蛋白复合物,它通过激活半胱天冬酶-1(caspase-1)从而促进IL-1β,IL-18等有效促炎细胞因子的释放,引起炎症反应和细胞焦亡。它是先天免疫中的一部分,和多种疾病相关,研究表示结核分枝杆菌感染巨噬细胞亦可激活NLRP3和AIM2炎症小体并引起炎症反应,本文就NLRP3炎症小体和AIM2炎症小体在结核分枝杆菌感染中的作用进展做一综述。

An inflammasome is a complex of proteins activated upon stress,tissue damage,or cellular infection.Inflammasomes trigger the self-cleavage and activation of caspase-1,promoting the maturation of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1band interleukin-18to engage innate immune defenses.Inflammasomes also initiate an inflammatory form of cell death termed pyroptosis.Inflammasomes are part of innate immunity and are associated with various diseases. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was found to activate the NLRP3and AIM2inflammasomes,causing a downstream inflammatory response.This paper reviews advances in the study of the action of the NLRP3and AIM2inflammasomes in M.tuberculosis infection.