磁性超疏水聚氨酯海绵的制备及其性能研究

Study on Preparation and Properties of Magnetic Superhydrophobic Polyurethane Sponges

随着世界工业化进程的不断推进,各个产业含油污水排放量日益增加,严重破坏生态系统。近年来,由于超疏水材料特殊的表面效应,将其应用于油水混合物的分离领域已成为研究的热点。采用浸渍法对聚氨酯海绵表面进行疏水改性,通过对四种主要因素考察,优选出最佳制备工艺:将0.1g纳米Fe3O4超声分散于海绵表面,再用4%(wt)的硬脂酸溶液对其进行表面改性18h,经90℃热处理6h后即可得到磁性超疏水海绵。该材料水接触角高达158°,且可通过磁铁进行回收和驱动,在油水混合物的连续分离中表现出优异的性能,对开发新型油水分离材料具有重要的研究意义和实用价值。

With the development of world’s industrialization, the emission of oily sewage from various industries is increasing, which severely damages the ecosystem. In recent years, the application of superhydrophobic materials to the separation of oil/water mixtures has become a hot spot. In this paper, the immersion method was used for hydrophobic surface modification of polyurethane sponge. Four main influence factors were investigated to optimize the preparation process. The results showed that, when 0.1 g Fe3O4 was ultrasonically dispersed on the surface of the sponge, and then it was modified with 4%(wt) stearic acid solution for 18 h, the magnetic superhydrophobic sponge was obtained after heat treating at 90 ℃ for 6 h. The water contact angle of the material can reach 158°, and it can be recycled and driven through the magnet. The material can show excellent performance in continuous separation of oil-water mixture, so it has important research significance and practical value for the development of new oil-water separation materials.