微藻生物质生产燃料乙醇技术进展

Research Progress of Production Technology of Fuel Ethanol by Microalgae Biomass

燃料乙醇是燃烧清洁的高辛烷值燃料,是可再生能源,也是优良的燃油改善剂。微藻是一种高光合效率、高生物量产值的生物质资源,部分微藻经光合作用可在胞内积累大量淀粉和纤维素,是制备燃料乙醇的良好原料。利用微藻生物质生产燃料乙醇,对于缓解石油资源日益紧缺的现状及解决一系列由温室气体引起的环境问题具有乐观的应用前景。介绍了微藻作为生物质供应的特性,综述了国内外对于微藻生产燃料乙醇的技术进展、现存在问题及未来的发展前景。

Bioethanol is a clean-burning high-octane fuel, a renewable energy, and an outstanding fuel additive. As a biomass resource with high photosynthetic efficiency and productivity, some microalgae can accumulate starch and cellulose within cells, which can be regarded as a capable feedstock for bioethanol production. Bioethanol production by using microalgal biomass is a promising future of assuaging the increasing lack of oil resources and solving the environmental problems caused by greenhouse gases. In this paper, the characteristic of microalgae as a biomass resource was introduced, the technical progress of global bioethanol production by using microalgal biomass was discussed as well as the present problems and the future prospects.