中高强度耐力训练对青年男性休息状态下能量代谢的影响

Effects of endurance training on energy metabolism of young men in resting state

目的研究中高强度耐力训练对青年男性休息状态下能量代谢的影响。方法选择南京中医药大学仙林校区2017年9-12月在校本科男生50例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分成耐力训练组(n=25)和久坐少动组(n = 25)。耐力训练组骑功率自行车,强度为75%最大摄氧量(VO2max),每次50 min,每天1次,持续12周;久坐少动组保持日常生活状态即可,保证每周运动时间少于60 min,持续12周。分别在两组受试者训练前后休息状态下测量基础代谢率(BMR)、呼吸商(RQ)值、体质量指数(BMI)、瘦体质量(LBM)和体脂百分比(BF%),并进行比较。结果训练前,两组各项指标差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05).训练后,耐力训练组 BMR、RQ、BMI、LBM 分别为(5720.0 ±711.3) kJ/d、( 0. 780 ± 0. 043)、( 23. 33 ± 3. 30) kg/m^2、(55.58 ±4. 21)kg,与本组训练前的(4 828.0 ±712.6)kJ/d,(0.820 ±0.033),(27.69 ±3. 28)kg/m2、(51.37 ±3.76)kg 差异均有统计学意义(t = 7.434、-2. 182、-2.578、2.035,均 P <0.05),BF%[(14.76 ±5.90)%比(23.60 ±5.37)%]降低更加显著(t =- 10.492,P <0.01);两组训练后,耐力训练组与久坐少动组相比,BMR[(5 720.0 ±711.3)kJ/d 比(4 896.0 ±715. 6)kJ/d]和 LBM[(55.58 ±4. 21)kg 比(51.25 ±3.45)kg]均显著增加(t =6.789 2 103,均 P <0.05),RQ[(0.780 ± 0.043)比(0. 820 ± 0. 030)]、BMI[(23. 33 ±3.30)kg/m^2 比(27.73 ±3.58)kg/m^2]均显著降低(t =-2. 179、-2. 232,均 P < 0. 05), BF%[(14. 76 ±5.90)%比(23.62 ±5.42)%]降低更加显著(t =-10.462,P<0.01)。结论中高强度的耐力训练能显著提高青年男性在休息状态下的能量代谢,消耗更多脂肪。

Objective To study the effect of endurance training on energy metabolism in young men in rest state.Methods Fifty males from Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2017 to December 2017 were randomly assigned to endurance training group(n =25) and sedentary group(n =25) by random number table method.Endurance training group tided power bike with intensity of 75% maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max),50 minutes each time,once a day for 12 weeks.The sedentary group maintained the daily life of the state can be guaranteed to exercise less than 60 minutes per week for 12 weeks.The basal metabolic rate(BMR),respiration quotient(RQ),body mass index(BMI),lean body mass(LBM) and body fat percentage(BF%) were measured before and after training in both two groups.Results Before training,there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups(all P > 0.05).After training,the BMR,RQ,BMI and LBM in the endurance training group were (5 720.0 ± 711.3) k J/d,(0.780 ± 0.043),(23.33 ± 3.30) kg/m2,(55.58 ± 4.21) kg,respectively,which were significantly improved compared with before training [(4 828.0 ± 712.6) kJ/d,(0.820 ± 0.033),(27.69 ± 3.28)kg/m2,(51.37 ±3.76)kg,t =7.434,-2.182,-2.578,2.035,all P <0.05],BF% [(14.76 ±5.90)% vs.(23.60 ± 5.37) %] decreased more significantly (t =-10.492,P < 0.01).After training,the BMR [(5 720.0 ± 711.3) kJ/d vs.(4 896.0 ± 715.6) kJ/d] and LBM [(55.58 ± 4.21) kg vs.(51.25 ± 3.45) kg] of the endurance training group were significantly higher than those of the sedentary exercise group(t =6.789,2.103,all P < 0.05).RQ [(0.780 ± 0.043) vs.(0.820 ± 0.030)] and BMI [(23.33 ± 3.30) kg/m2 vs.(27.73 ± 3.58) kg/m2] of the endurance training group were significantly decreased (t =-2.179,-2.232,all P < 0.05),BF% [(14.76 ± 5.90) % vs.(23.62 ± 5.42) %] decreased more significantly in the endurance training group (t =-10.462,P < 0.01).Conclusion Endurance training can significantly improve the energy metabolism of young men and consume more fat in rest state.