故宫博物院藏一版马衡甲骨新旧拓本校证

A Contrast between Old and New Copies of Oracle Rubbings in The Compilation of Palace Museum Collected Oracle Inscriptions from Yinxu Ruins · Ma Heng Collection

本文对《故宫博物院藏殷墟甲骨文·马衡卷》中一版甲骨的新旧拓本进行校证(其旧拓著录于《合集》4986),新识出"■(孽)"字,并根据该条卜辞中的"余孽",系联《合集》20613中的"余■(孽)朕老工延我艰",对"朕老工""延我艰"做进一步释读,认为"朕老工"指王室旧臣,"延我艰"指"延续商人的灾祸",最后探讨了《尚书·大诰》"惟大艰人诞邻胥伐于厥室"的文法和意义,认为"诞"应读作"延"。

The contrast between the old oracle rubbings in The Compilation of Oracle Inscriptions(Hé Jí(49867)) and the new ones in The Compilation of The Palace Museum Collected Oracle Inscriptions of Yinxu Ruins· Ma Heng Collection(Gùgōngbówùyuàn Cáng Yīnxū Jiǎgǎwén · Mǎ Héng Juàn) for the first time makes sense of ’■(孽)’(’niè in Chinese pinyin). The combination of ’余孽’ and "余孽朕老工延我艰" in The Oracle Inscriptions Collection(Hé Jí(20613)) suggests that ’朕老工’ refers to the former official ministers of royal family, whereas ’延我艰’ means ’the bad fortune from the Shang people continues’. The 诞 out of ’惟大艰人诞邻胥伐于厥室’ in Dagao of Shangshu(Shàngshū Dàgào) reads yán(延) in grammar and sense.