基于微卫星标记的中国南方沿海地区白纹伊蚊种群遗传多样性研究

Genetic diversity of Aedes albopictus populations in the coastal areas of southern China, using the microsatellite markers

目的应用微卫星标记分析中国南方沿海地区白纹伊蚊种群的遗传多样性,为媒介生物控制提供依据。方法利用微卫星位点对浙江省杭州市、义乌市和宁波市、福建省龙岩市、广东省广州市、广西壮族自治区南宁市、海南省海口市7个采样点的白纹伊蚊种群进行了遗传多样性检测和聚类分析。结果共检测微卫星位点7个,各个群体的等位基因数(NA)为5.429~7.571,有效等位基因数(NE)为2.897~3.632,等位基因丰度(RS)为5.236~7.170,期望杂合度(HE)为0.538~0.637。各个群体近交系数(FIS)为0.008~0.332,表现为群体内杂合子不足,群体间分化系数(FST)为0.058,表明7个白纹伊蚊种群间的遗传变异为5.8%。邻接法聚类分析表明,浙江省杭州市和义乌市的白纹伊蚊种群构建成为1个分支,福建省和广东省的白纹伊蚊种群构成1个分支,广西壮族自治区和海南省的白纹伊蚊种群构成1个分支,且海南种群显示出较大的遗传变异。白纹伊蚊种群贝叶斯分支分析表明,可能的分支数为3个。结论中国南方沿海7个不同地理区域的白纹伊蚊种群在7个微卫星位点呈现较丰富的遗传多样性和中低水平的遗传分化,种群间遗传差异随着地理距离的增加而增大。

Objective To analyze the genetic diversity of Aedes albopictus populations in the coastal areas of southern China by using the microsatellite markers to provide a basis for the control of vectors. Methods Genetic diversity and clustering analysis of Aedes albopictus populations were studied in the 7 microsatellite loci, in Hangzhou, Ningbo and Yiwu of Zhejiang province, Longyan of Fujian province, Guangzhou of Guangdong province, Nanning of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Haikou of Hainan province. Results Numbers of different alleles (5.429-7.571), effective alleles (2.897-3.632), allele richness (5.236-7.170) and expected heterozygosity (0.538- 0.637) were detected from each of the Aedes albopictus population by using 7 microsatellite markers. The inbreeding coefficients appeared as 0.008-0.332, with heterozygote deficiency, in these populations. Fixation index of the whole populations was 0.058, suggesting that the genetic variation among the 7 populations was 5.8%. Data from the Neighbor-Joining clustering analysis showed that populations from Hangzhou and Yiwu belonged to one branch while Longyan and Guangzhou populations constituted another branch. Aedes albopictus populations of Nanning and Haikou showed great genetic variation but formed a single branch. Bayesian analysis on Aedes albopictus populations showed that the possible number of clusters was 3. Conclusions Based on 7 microsatellite loci, relatively high genetic diversity and medium level of genetic differentiation that increasing with the geographical distances, were found in these Aedes albopictus populations, from the coastal areas in southern China.