克拉玛依市克拉玛依区儿童看护人免疫规划知识知晓情况及态度调查

Survey of knowledge and attitude of children′s caregivers to immunization program in Karamay district of Karamay city

目的了解现阶段新疆克拉玛依市克拉玛依区儿童看护人对儿童免疫规划相关知识的掌握情况及态度,为进一步开展免疫规划工作和教育活动提供依据。方法在克拉玛依区8个社区卫生服务中心(站)中,对前来接种疫苗的儿童看护人开展问卷调查。结果儿童看护人对免疫规划普遍持积极态度,对"接种疫苗可以预防相关疾病"此类问题认知情况较好、回答正确率98.4%,对"接种疫苗后注意事项"和"免费接种疫苗的种类"等问题认知度较低,正确率分别为42.3%和46.3%;不同文化程度人群(F=34.104)、儿童父母、祖父母和其他亲属(F=9.233)、本地和外地人口(t=3.233)、汉族和少数民族(t=4.230)、不同收入水平人群(F=6.940)免疫规划知识的得分差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论应加强低文化水平、低收入人群和外地人口健康教育力度,在孩子祖父母和少数民族人群中开展多种形式的健康教育,以提高免疫接种率和群众参与免疫规划工作的积极性。

Objective To understand the current awareness and attitude to immunization program among children’s caregivers in Karamay district of Karamay city, and provide basis for further implementation and education of immunization program. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among the children’s caregivers when the children were vaccinated in 8 community healthcare centers in Karamay. Results The children’s caregivers generally supported the immunization program, and their awareness of the question that the vaccination could prevent relevant disease was good, with accuracy rate of 98.4%. While the awareness of the questions such as "notice after vaccination" and "variety of free vaccination" was low, with accuracy rate of 42.3% and 46.3%, respectively. There were statistical differences(all P<0.05) in the score of immunization knowledge among people with different education background(F=34.104), parents, grandparents and other relatives of children(F=9.233), local people and outsiders(t=3.233), Han and minorities(t=4.230) and people with different income(F=6.940). Conclusions Health education should be reinforced in people with low education level and income, and outsiders, and developed in children’s grandparents and minorities by many ways, in order to improve the immunization rate and the activity of people.