叶面喷施硒对辣椒果实品质及微量元素的影响

Effects of Foliar Spraying of Selenium Fertilizer on Fruit Quality and Trace Elements in Pepper

以"黔椒8号"为试材,研究不同质量浓度亚硒酸钠(0(CK)、1.25、2.50、5.00、10.00、20.00mg·L^-1)对辣椒果实品质及微量元素含量的影响。结果表明:施用适宜浓度亚硒酸钠溶液能促进辣椒果实发育、品质和产量的形成,增加辣椒果实硒含量,减少镉铅的吸收,促进果实中微量元素的积累。以叶面喷施5.00mg·L^-1效果最佳,与对照相比,喷施硒处理辣椒可提高单果质量7.28%、辣椒碱含量32.21%、总糖含量53.22%、维生素C含量33.95%、可溶性蛋白质含量32.84%。硒含量增加0.002~0.016mg·kg^-1、镉含量降低39.30%~58.37%、铅含量降低50%以上。综合试验结果,在显蕾期和初花期喷施亚硒酸钠溶液有利于辣椒品质和产量的形成,以5.00mg·L^-1的喷施处理效果最佳。

Taking ‘Qianjiao No.8’ pepper as test material.The effects of different concentrations(0,1.25,2.50,5.00,10.00,20.00 mg·L^-1) of nitrite on the quality and trace element content of pepper were studied.The results indicated that spraying a suitable concentration of sodium selenite solution promoted the growth,quality and yield of pepper fruits,increased the selenium content of pepper fruits,reduced the absorption of Cd and Pb,and promoted the accumulation of trace elements in pepper fruits.Compared with the control,the quality of single fruit of pepper treated with selenium was increased by 7.28%,capsaicin content 32.21%,total sugar content 53.22%,vitamin C content 33.95%,and soluble protein content 32.84%.The selenium content increased by 0.002-0.016 mg·kg^-1,the Cd content decreased by 39.30%-58.37%,and the Pb content decreased by more than 50%.According to the comprehensive test results,spraying sodium selenite solution in budding period and initial flowering period were beneficial to the formation of pepper quality and yield,and the spraying treatment of 5.00 mg·L^-1 had the best effect.