对两部新发现藏医古籍的探讨

Discussion on two newly discovered ancient books of Tibetan medicine

近两年新发现了藏医大师享·斯基巴尔瓦(Zhang gzirjid'bar ba)的两部医典,分别是《医学明灯三十部教诲》(Sgrongsalgdamspa sum cu pa)和《无垢威严》(Dri med gzibrjid),且出现了四种不同手抄本。目的:探讨两部医典的历史。方法:利用古籍文献学和比较研究的方法,考证与对比两部医典的四种手抄本。结果:发现这两部医典是12世纪初享·斯基巴尔瓦分别为弟子布端?甲嘎惹杂(Spugstonrkya gar rāddza)和培端·西绕赤崩(Bal stonshesrabkhri' bum)而编著的,著于雅砻盖巴塘(Yar lung Gad pa thang)。内容包含了藏医理论、药物、临床、外治等,总结了吐蕃医学的精髓,又吸纳了《八支医学》等印度吠陀医学的精华,在藏医史上起着承前启后的作用,体现出藏医学和印度医学的融合过程。

In recent two years,two ancient medical books,Sgron gsal gdams pa sum cu pa and Dri med gzi bijid written by Zhang gzi rjid 'bar ba were discovered,with four different handwritten versions.Objective:dicussing the history of two medical books.Methods:combination the method of philology and comparative study for studying these four different versions.Result:the two medical books were written by Zhang gzi rjid 'bar ba in Yar lung Gad pa thang for his two disciples,Spug ston rkya gar rad dza and Bal ston shes rab khri 'bum at the beginning of the 12th century.The contents included the theory,medicines,clinical practice and external therapy of Tibetan medicine,combining the essence of Tibetan medicine in the Tubo Dynasty and the quintessence of ancient Ayurveda medicine.They have played an important role in the history of Tibetan medicine,and reflected the merging process between Tibetan medicine and Indian medicine.