北京地区4所高校护理学专业本科生专业认同状况调查

Investigation on professional identity of nursing undergraduates in four universities in Beijing area

目的了解北京地区护理学本科生专业认同状况并分析其影响因素。方法在2018年3月~5月,采用问卷调查方法对北京地区4所高校579名全日制护理学本科生的专业认同状况进行调查,并对其影响因素进行分析。结果被调查的本科生专业认同总分为(83.58±11.18)分,总分均值转化为百分制后为58.58分,仅有35(6.0%)名学生对专业高度认同。专业期望、专业技能、专业认识、专业价值观、专业意志和专业情感等6个维度的平均得分经百分制转换后分别为83.50分、76.35分、52.95分、48.75分、47.33分、47.00分。护理本科生的所在年级、有无亲属从事医学相关职业和专业意愿来源是其专业认同的影响因素,以上3个因素可以解释总变异的15.7%;其中,四年级学生专业认同总分低于其他3个年级学生,有亲属从事医学相关职业的学生专业认同总分更高,专业意愿来自本人比专业意愿来自其他的学生专业认同更高。结论被调查的护理学本科生专业认同水平有待提高。实施护理教育改革、改善临床学习和工作环境可以提高护理学本科生的专业认同。

Objective To investigate the professional identity of nursing undergraduates in Beijing area and analyze its influence factors, so as to provide references for improving the professional identity of nursing undergraduates in the future. Methods From March to May 2018, a total of 579 full-time nursing undergraduates in four universities in Beijing area were investigated by questionnaire, and the influence factors were analyzed. Results The total score of professional identity of undergraduate nursing students was 83.58±11.18. Only 35(6.0%)students were highly identified with their major. Converted to 0~100 score scale, the average scores of professional expectation, professional skills, professional understanding, professional values, professional will and professional emotion were 83.50, 76.35, 52.95, 48.75, 47.33 and 47.00 respectively. The factors influencing the professional identity of nursing undergraduates were their grades, whether or not they have relatives to engage in medical-related professions and the sources of professional intention. The above three factors could explain 15.7% of the total variation. Among them, the total score of professional identity of the fourth grade students was lower than that of the other three grades. The total score of professional identity of the students with relatives engaged in medical-related occupations was higher. The professional will of the students from themselves and their parents was higher than that of other students. Conclusions Nursing undergraduates' professional identity level is not high. The professional identity can be improved through the reform of nursing education, the improvement of clinical learning and working environment.