青海省河南县草地车前物候期对气候变化的响应

RESPONSE OF PHENOLOGICAL PERIOD OF PLANTAGO TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN GRASSLAND HENANIN COUNTY IN QINGHAI PROVINCE

根据青海省河南县牧业气象试验站1997~2018年草本植物车前物候观测数据及同期气象观测数据,研究了气候变化对车前萌芽期、黄枯期及生长期的影响。结果表明:(1)河南县近22a年平均气温呈显著上升趋势,降水量呈增多趋势,气候暖湿化特征明显;(2)车前萌芽期呈略提前趋势,平均每10a提前1.8d,车前萌芽期主要受3~4月平均气温和4月日照时数影响;(3)车前黄枯期呈极显著推迟趋势,平均每10a推迟约16.3d,8~9月平均气温升高和9月日照时数减少导致车前黄枯期明显推迟;(4)气候变暖变湿后,4~10月平均气温升高、夏季降水量增多及秋季日照时数减少是导致车前生长期延长的主要气候因子。说明气候暖湿化有利于植物物候期的延长和草地生态环境的好转,有利于草地生态环境保护和治理工程项目的实施。

According to the phenological observation data of herbaceous plants plantago and meteorological observation data of the same period from 1997 to 2018 at Henan County Husbandry Meteorological Test Station in Qinghai Province,the effects of climate change on the germination,yellow and dry periods and growth of plantago were studied.The result show:( 1) In recent 22 years,the annual average temperature of Henan County showed a significant upward trend,the precipitation showed an increasing trend,and the climate was obviously warm and humid.( 2) The pre-planting germination period is slightly advanced with an average advance of 1. 8 days per 10 years.The pre -planting germination period is mainly affected by the average temperature in March-April and sunshine hours in April.( 3) The yellow withering period of plantago showed a significant postponement trend,with an average delay of about 16.3 days per 10 years.The increase of average temperature from August to September and the decrease of sunshine hours in September resulted in a significant postponement of the Yellow withering period of plantago.( 4) The increase of average temperature in April to October, the increase of precipitation in summer and the decrease of sunshine hours in autumn are the main climatic factors leading to the prolongation of plantain growth period.It is concluded that warm and humid climate is beneficial to the extension of plant phenological period and the improvement of grassland ecological environment,as well as to the implementation of grassland ecological environment protection and control project.