基于政府补贴的农业面源污染治理机理研究——从市场结构的视角

Study on the Mechanism of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Control Based on Government Subsidy: From the Perspective of Market Structure

依靠农药和化肥保证产量持续增长的“现代农业”导致的农业面源污染问题日益严重。探索降低农业面源污染的有效激励有利于促进我国生态环境建设和农业发展。农药和化肥是农业面源污染的主要污染源,农药、化肥市场的纵向结构反映市场主体的市场势力,针对具有市场势力的一方进行补贴可以有效激励其改变生产或消费行为。文章基于农药、化肥市场纵向结构特点,通过博弈分析,探讨政府补贴对生产商和农户生产与消费行为的影响。研究结果表明:合理的补贴政策可以激励生产商和农户提高生产与消费的绿色水平;补贴政策实施与否取决于生产商和农户生产或消费农药、化肥的绿色度水平;补贴政策的激励效果取决于补贴额度,而补贴额度则取决于补贴调整因子和补贴阈值。

The vertical structure of pesticide and fertilizer market reflects the market power,and subsidies to the party with market power can be effectively encouraged.It changes the behavior of production or consumption.Based on the vertical structure of pesticide and fertilizer market,this paper discusses the influence of the subsidy policy on the behavior of production and consumption of producers and farmers through game analysis.The results show that reasonable subsidy policy can stimulate producers and farmers to improve the green level of production and consumption.The implementation of subsidy policy depends on the green level of pesticide and fertilizer produced or consumed by producers and farmers.And the effect of subsidy policy depends on the amount of subsidy,and the amount of subsidy depends on the adjustment factor and threshold of subsidy.