农用地膜污染的多层影响因素及防治策略实证研究——以云南省为例

Empirical Study on Multi-Layer Influencing Factors and Control Strategies of Agricultural Membrane Pollution: Taking Yunnan Province as an Example

农用地膜在保障我国粮食安全方面具有举足轻重的作用,但因残膜回收率低,使得生态安全受到了严重威胁。为实现乡村振兴战略的生态宜居,亟需对云南省地膜污染防治的影响因素进行分析研究。通过对政府、企业与农户的访谈与问卷调查,运用主成分分析与回归分析方法研究地膜污染防治的多层影响因素,并通过结构方程检验影响因素的显著性,从而简化问题,提出对策。研究发现:家庭总收入、地膜规格、揭膜时间、残膜处理方式、政府或者企业组织培训、残膜回收补贴、专业回收公司等对地膜污染防治有正向的显著影响。基于研究结果,有效防治地膜污染,需加强农村经济发展的财政补贴,制定地膜规格,培训地膜使用技能,建立专业回收网点,推广作物适时揭膜技术,加大可降解地膜的研发与普及力度。

Agricultural mulch film plays an important role in ensuring food security in China,but the residual film recovery rate is low and ecological security has been seriously threatened.In order to realize the ecological livability of the rural revitalization strategy,it is urgent to analyze the influencing factors of the prevention and control of plastic film pollution in Yunnan Province.At present,empirical research is scarce.Therefore,through interviews with government,enterprises and farmers,and questionnaire surveys,principal component analysis and regression analysis methods are used to study the multi-layer influencing factors of film pollution control,and the significance of the influencing factors is tested by structural equations.This simplifies the problem and proposes countermeasures.The study found that total family income,film size,film uncovering time,residual film treatment,government or enterprise organization training,residual film recycling subsidies,professional recycling companies, etc.have a positive and significant impact on the prevention and control of plastic film pollution.Based on the research results, prevention and control of mulch pollution requires strengthening financial subsidies,formulating mulch specifications,training mulch use skills,establishing professional recycling outlets,developing timely film uncovering techniques,and increasing the development and promotion of degradable mulch films.