高尿酸血症的现代进化与多重性作用——从炎症角度审视高尿酸血症

Recognizing hyperuricemia from the viewpoint of the inflammation

高尿酸血症与生活方式和社会发展紧密相关,高尿酸血症导致的代谢异常和痛风的危害及其与多种疾病的密切联系使尿酸的作用越来越受到临床重视。但在人类演变及发展的过程中,尿酸作为参与代谢的重要物质,在体内具有氧化、抗氧化、抗炎及维持神经、血管稳态等多重特性,这决定了高尿酸血症与临床疾病间具有错综复杂的联系和不同的分子生物学机制。尿酸对某些神经系统疾病的保护作用及对代谢综合征、心血管疾病、慢性肾病等的致病作用,体现了尿酸作用机制的多样性。因此,临床医师需要对高尿酸血症的遗传学特征、代谢特征及生物学活性有科学的认识,才能在临床中对高尿酸血症及其并发症进行合理有效的干预和治疗。本文从尿酸与炎症关系的角度,对近年来高尿酸血症的研究进展作一综述。

Uric acid is an antioxidant in the extracellular environment, while it has prooxidative effects inside the cell. It is thought that antioxidative effects of uric acid may be protective, particularly in neurological diseases. While prooxidative effects of uric acid has a leading role in the development and progress of chronic kidney disease, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. Uric acid is more than a product of purine metabolism. The uric acid paradox indicates that uric acid may play a central role in many diseases. This article was tried to review the researches and clinic studies of hyperuricemia from the viewpoint of the inflammation in recent years.