李劼人“大河小说”对话的五种类型

Five Types of Dialogue in Li Jieren’s Trilogy

为了深入认识李劼人“大河小说”中的对话,力图尽可能阐释文本对话的丰富性,本文将所有对话区分为五种类型进行观察研究。作者—叙述者主导型对话是“大河小说”最宏观的一种对话形式,其中的作者—叙述者的旁白凸显了对话性;标准型对话具有行文中的突然性和灵活性、形式上的不容反驳性以及表现空间上的拓展性;场景支配型对话主要以家庭场景为中心并关涉其他典型社会生活场景,是作者对话艺术中闪光的唯物主义和现实主义因素;人物支配型对话深刻表现了人物关系和人性的复杂性,它具有解释、生产意义;话题支配型对话能够更好地表现人物的奇特性格和奇异的生存状态、揭示世俗生活苍白的一面并集中展现矛盾冲突。

In order to understand the dialogues in Li Jieren's Trilogy,including"Ripples across Stagnant Water","Before the Storm"and"Great Billows",based on the analysis of the elements of dialogues,we divide all dialogues into five types to observe and study them separately.Author-narrator-dominated dialogue is the most macroscopic form of dialogue in Li Jieren's Trilogy,in which the author-narrator's voice-over narrative clearly highlights the dialogic nature;standard dialogue has the characteristics of sudden and flexible in the text,irrefutable in the form,and expanding in the performance space;scene-dominated dialogue talk mainly centers on family scenes and involves various other typical social life scenes,which is the shining materialism and realism factors in the author's dialogue art.Character-dominated dialogue deeply reflects the complexity of the relationship between characters and human nature,which provides explanatory and productive meanings;topic-dominated dialogue expresses the singular character and the singular state of existence story characters,which reveals the pale side of worldly life and displays contradictions and conflicts.