炎黄Y-STR识别系统的应用研究

Application research of Yan Huang Y-STR recognition system

目的验证炎黄Y染色体分型系统FGI 27Y试剂盒的性能并分析其法医学参数,评价其法医学应用价值。方法按照我国公共安全行业标准GA/T 815-2009《法庭科学人类荧光标记STR复合扩增检测试剂质量基本要求》,对FGI 27Y试剂盒进行灵敏度、混合样本、种属特异性等测试。并利用FGI 27Y试剂盒对269份中国汉族男性无关个体血卡进行检测,统计27个STR基因座的等位基因频率、基因多样性及单倍型多样性参数。同时查阅文献,收集不同人群的STR数据,与本文的汉族群体STR数据进行比较分析,统计群体遗传距离FST矩阵。结果 FGI 27Y在DNA模板量低至0.0625ng或大量女性DNA(男性与女性1:300混合)条件下仍然能获得男性DNA的完整分型结果。且在男性混合样本(1:9和9:1)中,等位基因检出率达到88%以上。27个Y-STR的基因多样性在0.4058~0.8973,单倍型多样性值为1。利用FST矩阵分析可得,不同人种间的遗传距离均较远,而相同人种间的遗传距离相对较近。结论炎黄Y染色体分型系统FGI 27Y试剂盒满足GA/T 815-2009《法庭科学人类荧光标记STR复合扩增检测试剂质量基本要求》,可用于Y-STR数据库建设以及男性家系排查。

Objective This research was aimed to validate the performance and analyze the forensic parameters of the YanHuang Y-STR typing System, FGI 27 Y, and to evaluate its forensic value. Methods According to Chinese public security industry standard GA/T 815-2009 《Criterion for the human fluorescent STR multiplex PCR reagent》, the FGI27 Y kit was tested for sensitivity, mixed sample test, species specificity, etc. Blood samples from 269 Chinese unrelated individuals were tested with the FGI 27 Y kit. The allele frequencies, gene diversity and haplotype diversity of the 27 loci were calculated. In addition, we compared the STR data from other populations with the Chinese Han population STR data in this article, and obtain the genetic distance FST matrix of these population by Arlequin 3.5. Results The complete profiles can be obtained even when the DNA template amount was low to 0.0625 ng. All the alleles of male DNA were still completely detected when male DNA samples mixed with female DNA at a 1:300 ratio. For the male mixed samples(1:9 and 9:1), the allele detection rate was over 88%. The gene diversity of 27 Y-STR was 0.4058~0.8973, and the haplotypes diversity value was 1. FST matrix analysis indicated that the genetic distance between different races was relatively far,while it was relatively close within the same races. Conclusion The YanHuang Y-STR typing system FGI 27 Y kit meets the GA/T 815-2009 guidelines, Criterion for the human fluorescent STR multiplex PCR reagent, which can be used for Y-STR database construction and male family investigation.