中国古典园林中舟船主题及其文化意象探析

The Analysis on the Theme of Boat and its Cultural Images in Chinese Classical Gardens

舟船作为一种交通工具,也是园林造景的主题要素。本文通过梳理富有舟船意象的文学作品与古典园林主题景点,研究了舟船与园林造景的关联,辨析了舟船对园主人创作思想、文化内涵的影响结合古典造园思想和隐逸文化的发展,梳理出舟船的两种文化内涵:物质载体,承载离愁别绪与山水之乐;精神蕴含,表达心灵自由、隐逸思想、舟船济人,并隐喻自勉自省同时,总结后世造园活动中舟船意象的演变特征,突出强调欧阳修画舫斋的重要作用及其对中国造园的意义。中国园林“精神栖居”的本质在舟船意象中得到了充分展现。

As a means of transportation,boats are also the main elements of landscape architecture.By sorting out the literary works and classical garden theme attractions rich in boat images,this paper studies the relationship between boat and garden landscaping,and discriminates the influence of boat on garden owners'creative ideas and cultural connotations.Combining the development of classical gardening thought and reclusive culture,this paper combs out two cultural connotations of boats.From the aspect of material,the boat carries the sorrow of parting and the joy of nature.From the aspect of spiritual connotation,it expresses the freedom of mind,the thought of seclusion,the thought of saving the people and also metaphors self-encouragement and self-reflection.At the same time,it summarizes the evolution characteristics of images of boats in the later gardening activities,emphasizing the im portant role of Ouyang Xiu's painting Fangzhai and its significance to Chinese gardening.The essence of spiritual dwelling in Chinese gardens is fully displayed in the image of boats and boats.