基于力学分析的罚篮最优出手参数研究

Investigation on optimal parameters for basketball free throw based on mechanical analysis

本文建立了罚篮过程中篮球运动的三维数学模型,采用数值模拟方法,得到了使篮球空心入筐的出手仰角、速率、横向角构成的三维参数相空间,并提出了基于参数相空间和篮球运动员出手稳定性特点确定最优出手参数的方法。通过对比计算发现,与出手速率精确性高的运动员相比,出手角度精确性高的运动员在瞄准时有更大的容错范围,其最优出手仰角也相对较大。

A three-dimensional mathematical model for simulating basketball free throw was developed.By using numerical simulation method,three-dimensional phase spaces constituted of elevation,velocity,and transverse angle,corresponding to the release conditions for clean shots in the process of free throw were obtained.A method based on the phase spaces and the statistical characteristics of a player,which aids to find out the optimal throw parameters was put forward.By comparing the numerical results,it was found that the players with high precision of shooting angle not only have advantages in handling aiming error,but also have relatively larger optimal shooting elevation,compared with the players with high precision of shooting speed.