低风速下单侧开口居住建筑自然通风量的快速预测方法研究

A Fast Prediction Method for Natural Ventilation Rate of Residential Buildings with Single Side Opening under Low Wind Speed

目前所用的建筑能耗模拟软件针对开窗通风量取定值,忽略了动态因素的影响,但是开窗通风量受风速大小、风向、室内外温差及开口面积等因素的影响,波动范围较大。为此,本文通过实验研究和理论计算,重点研究了北京市单开口居住建筑开窗通风量的动态变化。结果表明:通过实验研究对单开口建筑自然通风量计算式进行修正,平均误差为19.5%;北京市普通居住建筑冬季开窗通风的换气次数为2~33 h^-1。本文研究结果为能耗软件中单开口建筑自然通风的动态模拟提供了基础数据。

Existing simulation software for building energy consumption has a fixed value of open-window ventilation rate and ignores the effects of dynamic factors, but the open-window ventilation rate has a larger fluctuation range due to the factors such as wind speed, wind direction, indoor and outdoor temperature difference, and opening area. Therefore, through an experimental study and theoretical calculation, this research focuses on the dynamic change of open-window ventilation rate of residential buildings with single side opening in Beijing. According to the results, the calculation formula for single-side natural ventilation rate is corrected through the experimental study, and the average error is 19.5%;the open-window ventilation rate of ordinary residential buildings in Beijing in winter is 2~33 h^-1. The research results provide basic data for the dynamic simulation of single-side natural ventilation.