岩溶山区城镇建设用地空间拓展适宜性评价——以紫云县为例

Suitability evaluation of spatial expansion of urban construction land in Karst mountainous areas——Take Ziyun county as an example

岩溶山区可利用土地资源有限,开展建设用地拓展的适宜性评价,可为区域建设用地空间布局提供参考。基于紫云县2016年土地利用数据与社会经济统计数据,从地形、生态、社会和区位4个方面选取高程、坡度、基本农田3个刚性指标,距建成区距离、土地利用现状等9个弹性指标,构建岩溶山区建设用地评价指标体系。运用极限条件法、层次分析法和多因素综合评价法,借助ArcGIS软件,分析典型岩溶山区城镇建设用地空间拓展的适宜性。结果表明:研究区适宜建设区和不适宜建设区分别占总面积的40.61%和59.39%;地形地貌是影响研究区适宜等级空间分布特征的主要因素,建设用地高度适宜、中度适宜等级区域主要分布在以低中山丘陵为主的松山镇和以峰丛洼地为主的猫营镇;刚性因子是限制不适宜建设用地的主要因素,刚性因子和弹性因子限制的不适宜建设用地分别占不适宜建设用地面积的58.90%、41.10%。

The available land resources in Karst mountainous areas are limited,so the suitability evaluation of the expansion of construction land can provide reference for the spatial distribution of regional construction land.Based on the land use data and socio-economic statistics of Ziyun county in 2016,three rigid indexes of elevation,slope and basic farmland are selected from four aspects of topography,ecology,society and location,and nine elastic indexes such as distance from built-up area and land use status are selected to construct the evaluation index system of construction land in Karst mountainous areas.Using limit condition method,analytic hierarchy process and multi-factor comprehensive evaluation method,with the help of ArcGIS software,analysis of suitability of urban construction land space expansion in typical Karst mountainous areas.The results show that:The suitable construction area and unsuitable construction area accounted for 40.61%and 59.39%of the total area respectively;Topography and geomorphology are the main factors affecting the spatial distribution characteristics of suitable grades in the study area.Highly suitable and moderately suitable grade areas of construction land are mainly distributed in Songshan town,which is dominated by low-mountain hills,and Maoying town,which is dominated by peak-cluster depressions;Rigidity factor is the main factor limiting unsuitable construction land.The unsuitable construction land limited by rigidity factor and elasticity factor accounts for 58.90%and 41.10%of unsuitable construction land area,respectively.