不同临床标本微生物检验的阳性率结果对比研究

Comparative study on positive rate of microbiological examination in different clinical specimens

目的探讨不同临床标本微生物检验的阳性率结果对比,分析其原因。方法选取2016年和2017年采集的感染性疾病患者标本(包括痰培养标本、血培养标本和大便培养标本),依据时间将其分为两组,分别为2016年1月至2016年12月和2017年1月至2017年12月。对比不同时间段不同临床标本微生物检验的阳性率结果,并对其进行回顾性分析。结果比较3种样本的阳性率发现,大便培养标本微生物检测阳性率最高,其次为痰培养标本,血培养标本检测阳性率最低。比较不同时间段的标本阳性率发现,2016年度痰培养标本、血培养标本以及大便培养标本的阳性率均低于2017年度标本阳性率,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论不同时间段临床标本微生物检测的阳性率存在明显差异的原因主要与标本的采集、储存、运输及检验人员的技术水平相关,因此规范标本的采集、储存与运输,并对检测人员进行相应的业务培训是提高微生物检验水平的重要渠道。

Objective To compare the positive rate of microbial test in different clinical specimens and analyze the causes. Methods The specimens of patients with infectious diseases collected in 2016 and 2017(including sputum, blood and stool culture specimens) were divided into two groups according to the time, January 2016 to December 2016 and November 2017 to December 2017, respectively. The positive rate of microbial test in different clinical specimens in different time periods was compared and analyzed retrospectively. Results Comparing the positive rates of the three samples, we found that the positive rates of stool culture specimens were the highest, followed by sputum culture specimens, and blood culture specimens were the lowest. The positive rate of sputum, blood and stool samples in 2016 was lower than that in 2017(P<0.05). Conclusion The positive rate of microbial detection in clinical specimens in different time periods is mainly related to the technical level of the standard collection,storage, transportation and inspectors. Therefore, standardizing the collection, storage and transportation of specimens and training the inspectors are important channel to improve the level of microbial inspection.