3622例8项呼吸道病原体谱联合检测的结果分析

Analysis of the results by combined detection of 8 respiratory tract pathogens in 3 622 cases

目的了解福建省福州地区呼吸道病原体感染的流行情况。方法采用回顾性分析的方法,对3 622例呼吸道感染疑似患者的肺炎衣原体、肺炎支原体、副流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、A型流感病毒、B型流感病毒、嗜肺军团菌和腺病毒等8种呼吸道病原体的IgM抗体检测结果进行整理并分析。结果 3 622例呼吸道感染疑似患者总的阳性率为14.93%,其中阳性率最高的病原体为肺炎支原体,阳性率为7.12%,在阳性例数中构成比为47.69%,其次为B型流感病毒和肺炎衣原体,阳性率分别为2.95%和1.88%,阳性构成比分别为19.78%和12.57%。春、冬两季感染率高于夏、秋两季。肺炎支原体以春、秋两季感染为主;B型流感病毒以冬季感染为主;肺炎衣原体感染无明显季节性。肺炎支原体以儿童组阳性率最高,且随年龄增长呈下降趋势;B型流感病毒感染率在中年组最高,肺炎衣原体感染以儿童组和青少年组为主。结论福州地区呼吸道感染主要病原体为肺炎支原体,其次为B型流感病毒和肺炎衣原体。春、冬两季为呼吸道感染主要发病季节,并且14岁以下儿童为肺炎支原体感染的高发人群。

Objective Understand the prevalence of respiratory tract infection in Fuzhou of Fujian province. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the IgM antibody test results of 8 respiratory pathogens including Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza A virus, influenza B virus, Legionella pneumophila and adenovirus in 3 622 suspected patients with respiratory tract infection. Results The total positive rate of 3 622 suspected patients was 14.93%. The highest positive rate was Mycoplasma pneumoniae with the positive rate was 7.12%. And its proportion of positive cases was 47.69%. Influenza B virus and Chlamydia pneumoniae were the second with the positive rates were 2.95% and 1.88%, respectively. And their proportion of positive cases was 19.78% and 12.57%, respectively. In spring and winter, the infection rate in two seasons was higher than that in summer and autumn. Mycoplasma pneumoniae was mainly infected in spring and autumn, influenza B virus was mainly infected in winter, and Chlamydia pneumoniae infection was not seasonal. The positive rate of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children was the highest, and decreased with age. The positive rate of influenza B virus was the highest in the middle-aged group, and the infection of Chlamydia pneumoniae was mainly in the children group and adolescent group. Conclusion The main pathogens of respiratory tract infection in Fuzhou are Mycoplasma pneumoniae, followed by influenza B virus and Chlamydia pneumoniae. Spring and winter are the main season of respiratory tract infection. In addition, children under 14 years old are the high-risk population of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.