安徽省某市空巢老人心理弹性发展状况及影响因素研究

Study on the development of mental resilience and its influencing factors in empty-nesters in a city of Anhui province

目的:探讨安徽省某市空巢老人的心理弹性水平及其影响因素,为维护空巢老人心理健康及制定干预措施提供科学依据。方法:采用简单随机抽样的方法抽取安徽省蚌埠市389名空巢老人作为调查对象,采用自编一般状况调查表与成人心理弹性量表进行调查。结果:该市空巢老人的心理弹性总分为(120.29±16.46)分,总体水平较好。单因素分析显示,不同年龄段、文化程度、家庭年收入、子女个数、身体状况空巢老人的心理弹性得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05~P<0.01)。多元线性回归分析显示,身体状况、文化程度、家庭年收入是空巢老人心理弹性水平的独立影响因素,身体状况越好、文化程度和家庭收入越高,空巢老人的心理弹性水平越高(P<0.05~P<0.01)。结论:心理弹性是多因素综合作用的结果,社会与家庭应共同努力,促进空巢老人心理弹性水平提高。

Objective:To investigate the development of mental resilience and its influencing factors for providing the basis in maintaining mental health and formulating intervention measures in empty-nester in a city of Anhui province.Methods:Three hundred and eighty-nine empty-nesters were selected from Bengbu city of Anhui province using randomly sampling method,and investigated using the self-compiled general condition questionnaire and resilience scale.Results:The total score of mental resilience of empty-nesters was(120.29±16.46),and the overall level was good.The results of univariate analysis showed that the differences of the scores of the mental resilience in empty-nesters with different age,education levels,family annual income,number of children and physical condition were statistically significant(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The results of multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the education level,family annual income and physical condition were the independent influencing factors of mental resilience level in empty-nesters.The better the physical condition and higher the levels of education and family income were,the higher the level of mental resilience of empty-nesters was(P<0.05 to P<0.01).Conclusions:The mental resilience of empty-nesters is the result of the comprehensive action of many factors.The society and family should take joint efforts to improve the mental resilience level of empty-nesters.