细胞（蜡）块联合免疫细胞化学技术通过胸腔积液检测诊断恶性肿瘤的价值

Value of cell wax block combined with immunocytochemistry technology for diagnosing malignant heoplasms through pleural effusion detection

目的探讨细胞蜡块联合免疫细胞化学染色技术在胸腔积液诊断恶性肿瘤中的应用。方法来自笔者所在医院的406例胸腔积液标本常规离心、涂片后观察,其中56例沉渣包埋制成细胞蜡块,结合免疫细胞化学染色明确诊断。结果56例胸腔积液细胞块确诊阳性47例(包括转移性肺腺癌43例,鳞状细胞癌2例,乳腺癌1例,卵巢浆液性癌1例),阴性9例,细胞蜡块联合合免疫组织化学染色的癌细胞检出率高于传统涂片者(P<0.05)。结论细胞块联合免疫细胞化学技术在胸腔积液诊断恶性肿瘤中的应用效果优于传统涂片。对准确判定病理分型,指导临床治疗具有重要辅助作用。

Objective To explore the value of cell wax block combined with immunocytochemistry technology used in cytopathologic diagnosis of pleural effusion to screen cancer. Methods The 406 specimen of pleural effusion from author's hospital were observed by cytological smear method,among them 56 cases were made into cell wax blocks inspection and were diagnosed by immunocytochemical staining. Results Among above 56 cases,47 were of malignant tumors,including 43 of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma,2 of squamous cell carcinoma,1 case of breast carcinoma,and 1 case of ovarian plasma carcinoma,the rest 9 cases all were negative. The detection rate by cell wax block combined with immunocytochemical staining was significantly higher than that of traditional smears(P<0.05). Conlusion The application of cell wax block combined with immunocytochemical staining is better than results of routine smears. Thus this accurated pathological classification is particularly important for clinical treatment.