改编作品侵权的认定规则——基于美、德经验的分析

On the Determination Rules of Adapted Works Infringement

改编作品侵权的认定规则,需要在认识改编作品的基本法律含义的基础上,围绕改编作品侵权构成要件展开。美、德两国的改编作品基本概念规定较为成熟,且侵权认定中对合理使用和实质性相似判断有成熟的实践方案。鉴于此,有必要对美、德两国的立法规范和司法经验进行总结,为我国改编作品侵权认定规则的完善提供参考。我国现行《著作权法》并未对改编作品进行立法规定,但司法实践中经常采取美、德两国类似的判定。因而在《著作权法》第三次修订中,对改编作品的概念界定和侵权认定规则,都应在立法上提供支撑,并通过司法实践去芜取精。

On the basis of understanding the basic legal meaning of adapted works, we can conclude that the determination rules of adapted works infringement need to be carried out around the constituent elements of adaptation works infringement. The basic concepts of adapted works in the United States and Germany are relatively mature and there are mature practical schemes for reasonable use and substantial similarity judgment in the determination of infringement. Therefore, it is necessary to make a summary of the legislative norms and judicial experience of the two countries and provide a reference for the perfection of the infringement determination rules for the adaptation of the works in China. The current Copyright Law of China does not provide legislation for the adaptation of works, but the judicial practice often adopts the similar judgment as the United States and Germany. Therefore, in the third revision of the Copyright Law, the definition of the concept of adapted works and the rules for the determination of infringement should be supported in legislation and refined through judicial practice.