纳米镍粉对改性双基推进剂综合性能的影响

Effect of Nano-Ni on Overall Properties of Al-CMDB and RDX/Al-CMDB Propellants

为了研究纳米镍粉(nano-Ni)对含铝改性双基(Al-CMDB)推进剂以及含黑索今和铝粉的改性双基(RDX/Al-CMDB)推进剂综合性能的影响,采用吸收-沟槽压延-螺旋压伸法制备了推进剂药柱,测试了nano-Ni对推进剂热安定性能、机械感度、力学性能、能量性能、发动机内弹道性能、室温条件下长贮燃速变化的影响。结果表明,nano-Ni对Al-CMDB推进剂和RDX/Al-CMDB推进剂的热安定性能、机械感度、力学性能、能量性能、长贮条件下燃速变化影响不明显。但是nano-Ni可显著改善Al-CMDB推进剂和RDX/Al-CMDB推进剂的燃烧性能。nano-Ni使Al-CMDB推进剂9.81 MPa燃速从28.32 mm·s^-1增加到35.94 mm·s^-1,12~22 MPa的压强指数从0.26降低至0.12,nano-Ni使RDX/Al-CMDB推进剂9.81 MPa燃速达到36.63 mm·s^-1,16~22 MPa高低常温均出现负压强指数,Φ130 mm发动机-40℃比冲达到241.1 s,50℃比冲达到246.9 s。

In order to understand the effect of nanometer nickel(nano-Ni)on the over-all performances of Al-composite modified double base propellant(CMDB)and hexogen(RDX)/Al-CMDB propellants,the energetic property,thermal stability,mechanical sensitivity,mechanical performances,inner ballistic properties and the dependence of burn rate on the aging process have been studied. The results show that the addition of nano-Ni had little effect on the performances. The effects of nano-Ni on combustion behavior of these propellants have also been studied. The results show that nano-Ni can greatly improve the combustion performances. The inclusion of nano-Ni can increase the burn rate of Al-CMDB propellant from 28.32 mm·s^-1 to 35.94 mm·s^-1 at 9.81 MPa,and lowering the pressure exponent(n)between 12-22 MPa from 0.26 to 0.12. The burn rate of RDX/Al-CMDB containing nano-Ni at 9.81 MPa can reach 36.63 mm·s^-1,with negative n between 16-22 MPa at different initial temperature.The specific impulse of RDX/Al-CMDB propellant could reach 241.1 s at-40 ℃ and 246.9 s at 50 ℃ in Φ130 mm rocket motor.